1. Similarities and differences between state maintenance and cycle planning maintenance
State maintenance and cycle planning maintenance have close ties and commonalities. The state maintenance mode is developed on the basis of the cycle plan maintenance mode. The common goal is to manage, use and repair the equipment, and improve the utilization rate and production efficiency of the equipment. However, cycle-planned maintenance is a time-based maintenance-based maintenance model (Time based maintenance). Overhaul, minor repairs, and maintenance are planned and implemented on a time-based basis. As for the state of the equipment, whether it needs repair, it does not go. Think deeply. Condition based maintenance is based on the actual technical state of the equipment, regardless of the time, no matter how long the previous repair is, as long as the technical state is normal, it will not be repaired, and it will be repaired abnormally. The biggest difference between the maintenance modes. 
Because the historical backgrounds of the two maintenance modes are different, the starting points are different, which leads to their connotation, operation mode, strategy and technical means and methods. Of course, the technical and economic effects achieved by these two modes are also different. 
2. Limitations of periodic planned maintenance
Under the planned economic system, the maintenance of the cycle plan is a good maintenance method. The maintenance cycle and parking time have been determined in advance, and the production planning department has deducted the output. The workers only need to repair on time and do not need to consider other issues. However, after the company was transferred from the planned economy to the market economy, the product structure has undergone great changes, from the original single-type, decades-old system to the development of multiple varieties and small batches, and has the characteristics of short production cycle. In this way, some problems that have not appeared or have not been valued in the past are exposed. If the production plan changes frequently, it is not possible to flatten the car on time; the customer's order delivery time is short, the production task is tight and the Daping car is stopped for a long time, which seriously restricts the production plan to be completed on time; the enterprise funds are short, but there is excess maintenance, causing people, Waste of money and materials, etc. The limitations of traditional cycle planning repairs are also emerging. It can be summarized as:
(1) The equipment is in good condition, and the plan is pre-repaired so that some parts that can be used are replaced in advance, some parts are damaged during the disassembly process, and the parts that have been well-worn are reassembled and destroyed. The original state of the art; some lubrication parts that should not be refueled have been refueled, which will inevitably lead to excess maintenance.
(2) When large and small repairs are carried out, large-area disassembly and assembly of equipment, labor, and limited by the order of disassembly and assembly, often cause "fighting" phenomenon, resulting in waste of working hours.
(3) After the equipment is repaired, although the accuracy of the equipment is restored, when it is officially operated, it is necessary to regain its normal level after a period of running-in period. Not only is production efficiency reduced, raw material consumption is increased, but during this period of time, the quality of the product is affected to a considerable extent.
(4) Due to the needs of the flat brakes, some equipment that can still operate normally is stopped for a long time, which reduces the equipment operation rate and production efficiency.
(5) Regardless of the state of the equipment, it is necessary to re-calibrate according to the cycle plan. Although it plays a preventive role, it lacks pertinence, can not be the right medicine, has blind maintenance components, and causes waste of machine materials. Practical experience has shown that in a considerable number of cases, repeated tapping, tamping, grinding and frequent disassembly of parts can not improve the performance of the equipment, but the tight fitting parts are relaxed and the finish is reduced (not visible to the naked eye). The inherent quality of the component creates latent faults, geometrical variations, and detrimental equipment life.
(6) The mechanical flat-loading method invisibly leads to the rigidity of the maintenance personnel's thinking, so that many people will only skillfully level the car and not identify and repair the bad cars in various states.
3. Three states of state maintenance
State maintenance has two meanings: First, the state of state maintenance refers to the technical state of the equipment, the state of the process and the quality of the product; the second is that the three states are dynamic and dialectical. 
3.1 Technical status of the equipment
Cycle plan maintenance is based on a single factor in the equipment usage time period and does not involve any other factors, so this approach is static management. The state maintenance is based on the state of the equipment, and the equipment is shut down for maintenance after significant deterioration of the equipment state. This state involves various factors such as the technical state of the equipment, the degree of maintenance, the number of production changes, and the speed of the machine. Therefore, it is caused by many factors and is dynamic. The traditional periodic planned maintenance shall be strictly inspected and tested before the equipment is delivered for use, and the equipment shall meet the requirements of the mechanical assembly technical specifications and the “class†that meets the technical requirements of the process. However, before the next inspection and shutdown, the technical test of these two items is not carried out. The only time is the standard of time, regardless of the condition of the equipment and the processing effect of the processing. In fact, most textile companies agree that the “cycle†of the cycle plan maintenance method is too long, and the operation state of the equipment is neglected when the vehicle is flat and sturdy [1]. State maintenance is to overcome the blind maintenance, always take the status as the starting point of maintenance, and correct the abnormal state of the equipment. 
3.2 Process status
The state of the process is directly related to the consumption of raw materials and product quality. Equipment for process service is a consistent policy in textile production. State maintenance is to reflect this idea while ensuring good process conditions and maximizing the potential of equipment.
The process state is related to various factors such as the state of the process components of the equipment (the parts in direct contact with the processing materials), the comprehensive properties of the raw materials, the process parameters, the temperature and humidity, and the operating skills. It is also a dynamic state with the optimum process state, normal process state, and abnormal process state resulting from decay. For example, if the card is newly replaced with a card clothing, the carding performance is very good, but the sharpness of the new card clothing also damages a small amount of fiber. After a period of use, the short fiber rate begins to drop to a normal state. After a certain period of use, the card clothing was blunt, the process condition began to decline, and it was necessary to grind until the final change of the card clothing. This traditional disposal process clearly reflects the equipment serving the process. However, in the way of thinking of modern state maintenance, it ignores the fact that existing equipment conditions sometimes have a sustainable operation under certain conditions. Italy Kapini Woolen Textile Co., Ltd., after fully studying the relationship between the sharpness attenuation of the processing of fine yarns and the attenuation of the process state, the change of the machine area of ​​the fine yarn tops is adopted, and the elastic needle of the roller carding machine is not immediately replaced. The practice of cloth, that is, processing the coarse yarn tops on the machine after processing the fine yarns and the blunt card clothing, after running for a considerable period of time, it is impossible to re-repair and replace the new card clothing, and process the fine yarn tops. . The result not only ensures the quality of the fine yarn top, but also allows the machine that should replace the card clothing to continue to operate, prolonging the service life of the card clothing and reducing the production cost. A cotton mill in a township in Hubei has a similar approach. After the state maintenance, the research on the state of clothing technology was carried out at the same time, and the law of JT7A type cylinder clothing and AJC2 type razor saw blade combing normal maturity of raw cotton, poor maturity and poor low grade cotton were found. The machine with the card clothing should be replaced with 16 tex cotton yarn with low maturity of low-grade cotton, which has achieved satisfactory technical and economic benefits. Therefore, the state maintenance can not only stay in one state of the equipment, but also closely combine with the process state and raw material performance. It is necessary to broaden the new ideas of the process, make the best use of the materials, and minimize the cost. 
3.3 Quality Status of Products
The state maintenance view believes that all abnormal conditions on the equipment are ultimately reflected in the quality status of the product, that is, the product quality. Therefore, the evaluation of the state of the equipment is no longer the standard of equipment repair and assembly accuracy, but not the limit of wear and tear, but the quality of the product. Product quality is the basis for the development of technical specifications and extinction limits. Of course, the technical specifications of the equipment and the allowable extinction limit are the prerequisites and guarantees for ensuring the correct flatness of the equipment and improving the quality of the equipment. State maintenance places more emphasis on the allowable limits of assembly and maintenance specifications, but this is not the ultimate goal.
State maintenance forces us to adjust the process design mode of the cycle plan maintenance, which rarely combines the state of the equipment, process state and product quality state in a comprehensive and dialectical manner. In many cases, it is phase separated, considering only the process state. Mainly, and neglected the state of the process that the state of the device is adapted to. Therefore, while carrying out state maintenance, the performance of raw materials and the adaptability of equipment state should be scientifically utilized, and the state of the machine and the quality of the product should be closely combined, and a flexible process strategy should be adopted to ensure that the technical state of the equipment is achieved. Process requirements, but also make full use of the existing state of the equipment to ensure the quality of the product, in order to obtain maximum economic benefits. 
In many cases, the best state of the art and the state of the equipment cannot be visually presented to the people. Whether it is an old-fashioned textile machine with low technical content or advanced equipment, we need to update the process thinking mode and actively explore three states. The best combination of points to maximize the potential of the three states. For example, if a factory uses the original cotton quilt [2] é… with the cotton level lower than the cotton standard 0.62, the CJ 18.4 tex yarn is spun on the Rieter production line equipped with the C4 card, because the cotton level is low, the initial test There are many short-staple neps, and the quality of the yarn is not up to standard. As a result, the process and equipment were jointly tackled, and the best process state was found. Finally, a wave-shaped seven-point gauge process (shown in Figure 1) was used between the cover of the C4 card and the cylinder, and a good process was obtained. Status and quality effects. The wavy-shaped cover plate~the cylinder carding area does not have a smooth transition. Except for the inlet point 1 and the exit point 7, the other five points are large and small, and are in a wave state, which is 1.2 mm and 0.35 mm. 0.25 mm, 0.3 mm, 0.25 mm, 0.28 mm, 0.6 mm. Under the action of the needle surface of this special gauge, the combing force received by the needle is also changed suddenly and weakly, but the combing degree is not repeated, but the combing surface is gradually strengthened with the ring arc, because 2, 4, The 6-point gauge is 0.35 mm, 0.30 mm and 0.28 mm, and the combing force is gradually increasing. The combing degree is such that the degree of injury is reduced correspondingly to the initial gauge interval, the number of fiber breaks is reduced, and the short pile is decreased. The trend dropped from 15.76% to 14.78%. Of course, the short fiber is also relieved, and the number of neps is also decreasing. In this wavy needle-effect zone, on the one hand the fibres are properly combed and on the other hand the damage is reduced, which is very advantageous for reducing the neps.
This kind of large and small gauge configuration process has never been reported in domestic and foreign literatures, but from the results of the above tests, the quality of the sliver and the quality of the finished yarn are still relatively good. It seems that this case has nothing to do with equipment maintenance, but the idea of ​​the process configuration is still benefited from the consideration of equipment status, process status and product quality status as a system, the technical contradiction in the dialectical conversion process, and the three-state integration Only succeeded. Therefore, we should correctly understand the three states of state maintenance, and strive to achieve higher equipment reliability, provide the best process state for the machine, and take into account the comprehensive performance of raw materials as much as possible, and achieve the product with the lowest production cost. The best state of quality. This new way of thinking is unmatched by the combination of traditional craftsmanship and equipment.
4. State Maintenance Features State maintenance is a new mode based on equipment status, adapted to process status and product quality status. In actual operation, it has its own characteristics: equipment maintenance is more important than maintenance; inspection of equipment operating status; tracking and diagnosis of abnormal state signs; classification of diagnosed pre-fault equipment, planned Repair at the right time. In the face of this new maintenance method, equipment maintenance professional and technical personnel must also have corresponding new concepts and superb technical quality.
4.1 Maintenance is more important than maintenance
The traditional concept of periodic maintenance believes that preservation is more important than maintenance [3], and maintenance is subordinate. The practice of state maintenance shows that it is necessary to comprehensively improve the status of maintenance work, and maintenance is more important than maintenance. Only by doing maintenance work can we reduce potential hidden troubles, curb potential fault development and greatly reduce the probability of failure. Therefore, maintenance should be changed from subordinate status to dominant position. The new concept of maintenance believes that maintenance work is not only about cleaning and lubrication, but also includes fastener reinforcement and inspection.
4.2 Check the running status in advance and confirm the abnormal state
Compared with the maintenance of the period plan, the state maintenance has more active and proactive preventive measures, pre-patching, actively tracking the signs and determining the abnormal state, and performing timely maintenance in advance to eliminate the fault in the bud.
In order to actively detect the signs of failure, it should be tested in advance, and the technical status of all key parts of the equipment in operation should be checked and recorded in order to check the status of the equipment at a certain stage. For general parts (that is, parts that are not prone to failure), a general inspection is carried out, and the frequency of inspection is lower than that of the key parts, so that the focus is emphasized and care is taken. For the symptoms found during the inspection, the symptoms of the failure shall be repaired randomly, or the state trend shall be tracked, and the state diagnosis shall be carried out in time to characterize and quantify the nature and extent of the failure. There is no fault diagnosis for periodic planned maintenance, which is a clear distinction between state maintenance and cycle planned maintenance.
State repair, also known as predictive repair, means that the "state" is predicted before repair, so the inspection work is very important. There are two kinds of detection methods: one is to rely on the five senses test, that is, the method of seeing, listening, touching, and smelling; the other is to use scientific instruments to detect the state of the equipment.
4.3 Planned timely and appropriate repairs
State maintenance is also planned. If the plan for periodic planned maintenance is based on the time period, the state maintenance is focused on the state. This does not mean that the state repair has no plan. State maintenance is very focused on planning. This kind of plan is based on the "state" plan, that is, the equipment that has been patrolled, diagnosed abnormally and has early signs of failure, according to their nature, priority classification, scheduling, timely, Moderate repairs. It emphasizes planning testing and gathering information in advance, so its planning is more realistic than traditional maintenance programs. "Timely", it is less stop, see the stitches, use the gap between the machine and the machine as much as possible; second, the repair work is carried out continuously, breaking the restrictions of the original Changbai class maintenance personnel, and minimize the maintenance downtime. “Moderate†is to disassemble only the faulty parts, and only need to replace or repair the damaged parts, thereby greatly reducing the stoppage time and the consumption of machine parts, improving the operation rate and economic benefits of the equipment. Therefore, moderate repair is hardly a big repair or minor repair in the periodic planned maintenance mode.
4.4 Quality characteristics of professional maintenance personnel
Modern equipment is complex and more systematic, requiring more advanced equipment maintenance management. The development of enterprises in recent years shows that with the technological advancement of equipment, the technical content of maintenance has increased year by year, and the contradiction between advanced equipment and backward maintenance capability has increasingly plagued enterprises and become an obstacle for enterprises to advance. Modern maintenance personnel encounter many complex equipments that integrate optoelectronic technology, pneumatic technology, laser technology and computer technology. Maintenance workers in the traditional sense are not qualified for the maintenance of modern equipment. Advanced equipment requires modern maintenance concepts and Advanced maintenance technology.
State maintenance requires expert management and knowledge of the operator. Some companies have also added equipment state diagnostic engineers, which are responsible for on-site diagnosis. To carry out good maintenance, professionals must have the following technical qualities:
(1) The new concept of modern equipment maintenance with technical and economic integration and the awareness of self-maintenance and repair, strong sense of responsibility, dedication and dedication. State maintenance In addition to collective work, a large number of working hours are used for the inspection and diagnosis of personal responsibility machines, requiring professionals to have a stronger sense of post and self-discipline.
(2) Have a certain state maintenance theory knowledge, in addition to mastering the traditional mechanical repair skills, you should also master sensory diagnosis and instrument diagnostic techniques.
(3) Adapt to the new state inspection operation mode, when the machine “doctor†is good, gradually find the abnormal signs associated with the equipment status, process status and product quality status.
references:
[1]Geng Gangren. A preliminary study on the reform of equipment maintenance methods, Cotton Textile Technology, 1997; 25(12): 18~20.
[2] Discussion on the relationship between wave spacing and yarn quality of Linzike carding machine. Journal of Textile Research, 2001; 22(6).
[3] Equipment Management Group of China Textile Industry Enterprise Management Association. Equipment Management and Maintenance of Textile Enterprises. Beijing: Textile Industry Press, 1991.
[4] Li Yuwen. A new mode of new thinking in equipment management. Beijing: Mechanical Industry Press, 1999.
State maintenance and cycle planning maintenance have close ties and commonalities. The state maintenance mode is developed on the basis of the cycle plan maintenance mode. The common goal is to manage, use and repair the equipment, and improve the utilization rate and production efficiency of the equipment. However, cycle-planned maintenance is a time-based maintenance-based maintenance model (Time based maintenance). Overhaul, minor repairs, and maintenance are planned and implemented on a time-based basis. As for the state of the equipment, whether it needs repair, it does not go. Think deeply. Condition based maintenance is based on the actual technical state of the equipment, regardless of the time, no matter how long the previous repair is, as long as the technical state is normal, it will not be repaired, and it will be repaired abnormally. The biggest difference between the maintenance modes. 
Because the historical backgrounds of the two maintenance modes are different, the starting points are different, which leads to their connotation, operation mode, strategy and technical means and methods. Of course, the technical and economic effects achieved by these two modes are also different. 
2. Limitations of periodic planned maintenance
Under the planned economic system, the maintenance of the cycle plan is a good maintenance method. The maintenance cycle and parking time have been determined in advance, and the production planning department has deducted the output. The workers only need to repair on time and do not need to consider other issues. However, after the company was transferred from the planned economy to the market economy, the product structure has undergone great changes, from the original single-type, decades-old system to the development of multiple varieties and small batches, and has the characteristics of short production cycle. In this way, some problems that have not appeared or have not been valued in the past are exposed. If the production plan changes frequently, it is not possible to flatten the car on time; the customer's order delivery time is short, the production task is tight and the Daping car is stopped for a long time, which seriously restricts the production plan to be completed on time; the enterprise funds are short, but there is excess maintenance, causing people, Waste of money and materials, etc. The limitations of traditional cycle planning repairs are also emerging. It can be summarized as:
(1) The equipment is in good condition, and the plan is pre-repaired so that some parts that can be used are replaced in advance, some parts are damaged during the disassembly process, and the parts that have been well-worn are reassembled and destroyed. The original state of the art; some lubrication parts that should not be refueled have been refueled, which will inevitably lead to excess maintenance.
(2) When large and small repairs are carried out, large-area disassembly and assembly of equipment, labor, and limited by the order of disassembly and assembly, often cause "fighting" phenomenon, resulting in waste of working hours.
(3) After the equipment is repaired, although the accuracy of the equipment is restored, when it is officially operated, it is necessary to regain its normal level after a period of running-in period. Not only is production efficiency reduced, raw material consumption is increased, but during this period of time, the quality of the product is affected to a considerable extent.
(4) Due to the needs of the flat brakes, some equipment that can still operate normally is stopped for a long time, which reduces the equipment operation rate and production efficiency.
(5) Regardless of the state of the equipment, it is necessary to re-calibrate according to the cycle plan. Although it plays a preventive role, it lacks pertinence, can not be the right medicine, has blind maintenance components, and causes waste of machine materials. Practical experience has shown that in a considerable number of cases, repeated tapping, tamping, grinding and frequent disassembly of parts can not improve the performance of the equipment, but the tight fitting parts are relaxed and the finish is reduced (not visible to the naked eye). The inherent quality of the component creates latent faults, geometrical variations, and detrimental equipment life.
(6) The mechanical flat-loading method invisibly leads to the rigidity of the maintenance personnel's thinking, so that many people will only skillfully level the car and not identify and repair the bad cars in various states.
3. Three states of state maintenance
State maintenance has two meanings: First, the state of state maintenance refers to the technical state of the equipment, the state of the process and the quality of the product; the second is that the three states are dynamic and dialectical. 
3.1 Technical status of the equipment
Cycle plan maintenance is based on a single factor in the equipment usage time period and does not involve any other factors, so this approach is static management. The state maintenance is based on the state of the equipment, and the equipment is shut down for maintenance after significant deterioration of the equipment state. This state involves various factors such as the technical state of the equipment, the degree of maintenance, the number of production changes, and the speed of the machine. Therefore, it is caused by many factors and is dynamic. The traditional periodic planned maintenance shall be strictly inspected and tested before the equipment is delivered for use, and the equipment shall meet the requirements of the mechanical assembly technical specifications and the “class†that meets the technical requirements of the process. However, before the next inspection and shutdown, the technical test of these two items is not carried out. The only time is the standard of time, regardless of the condition of the equipment and the processing effect of the processing. In fact, most textile companies agree that the “cycle†of the cycle plan maintenance method is too long, and the operation state of the equipment is neglected when the vehicle is flat and sturdy [1]. State maintenance is to overcome the blind maintenance, always take the status as the starting point of maintenance, and correct the abnormal state of the equipment. 
3.2 Process status
The state of the process is directly related to the consumption of raw materials and product quality. Equipment for process service is a consistent policy in textile production. State maintenance is to reflect this idea while ensuring good process conditions and maximizing the potential of equipment.
The process state is related to various factors such as the state of the process components of the equipment (the parts in direct contact with the processing materials), the comprehensive properties of the raw materials, the process parameters, the temperature and humidity, and the operating skills. It is also a dynamic state with the optimum process state, normal process state, and abnormal process state resulting from decay. For example, if the card is newly replaced with a card clothing, the carding performance is very good, but the sharpness of the new card clothing also damages a small amount of fiber. After a period of use, the short fiber rate begins to drop to a normal state. After a certain period of use, the card clothing was blunt, the process condition began to decline, and it was necessary to grind until the final change of the card clothing. This traditional disposal process clearly reflects the equipment serving the process. However, in the way of thinking of modern state maintenance, it ignores the fact that existing equipment conditions sometimes have a sustainable operation under certain conditions. Italy Kapini Woolen Textile Co., Ltd., after fully studying the relationship between the sharpness attenuation of the processing of fine yarns and the attenuation of the process state, the change of the machine area of ​​the fine yarn tops is adopted, and the elastic needle of the roller carding machine is not immediately replaced. The practice of cloth, that is, processing the coarse yarn tops on the machine after processing the fine yarns and the blunt card clothing, after running for a considerable period of time, it is impossible to re-repair and replace the new card clothing, and process the fine yarn tops. . The result not only ensures the quality of the fine yarn top, but also allows the machine that should replace the card clothing to continue to operate, prolonging the service life of the card clothing and reducing the production cost. A cotton mill in a township in Hubei has a similar approach. After the state maintenance, the research on the state of clothing technology was carried out at the same time, and the law of JT7A type cylinder clothing and AJC2 type razor saw blade combing normal maturity of raw cotton, poor maturity and poor low grade cotton were found. The machine with the card clothing should be replaced with 16 tex cotton yarn with low maturity of low-grade cotton, which has achieved satisfactory technical and economic benefits. Therefore, the state maintenance can not only stay in one state of the equipment, but also closely combine with the process state and raw material performance. It is necessary to broaden the new ideas of the process, make the best use of the materials, and minimize the cost. 
3.3 Quality Status of Products
The state maintenance view believes that all abnormal conditions on the equipment are ultimately reflected in the quality status of the product, that is, the product quality. Therefore, the evaluation of the state of the equipment is no longer the standard of equipment repair and assembly accuracy, but not the limit of wear and tear, but the quality of the product. Product quality is the basis for the development of technical specifications and extinction limits. Of course, the technical specifications of the equipment and the allowable extinction limit are the prerequisites and guarantees for ensuring the correct flatness of the equipment and improving the quality of the equipment. State maintenance places more emphasis on the allowable limits of assembly and maintenance specifications, but this is not the ultimate goal.
State maintenance forces us to adjust the process design mode of the cycle plan maintenance, which rarely combines the state of the equipment, process state and product quality state in a comprehensive and dialectical manner. In many cases, it is phase separated, considering only the process state. Mainly, and neglected the state of the process that the state of the device is adapted to. Therefore, while carrying out state maintenance, the performance of raw materials and the adaptability of equipment state should be scientifically utilized, and the state of the machine and the quality of the product should be closely combined, and a flexible process strategy should be adopted to ensure that the technical state of the equipment is achieved. Process requirements, but also make full use of the existing state of the equipment to ensure the quality of the product, in order to obtain maximum economic benefits. 
In many cases, the best state of the art and the state of the equipment cannot be visually presented to the people. Whether it is an old-fashioned textile machine with low technical content or advanced equipment, we need to update the process thinking mode and actively explore three states. The best combination of points to maximize the potential of the three states. For example, if a factory uses the original cotton quilt [2] é… with the cotton level lower than the cotton standard 0.62, the CJ 18.4 tex yarn is spun on the Rieter production line equipped with the C4 card, because the cotton level is low, the initial test There are many short-staple neps, and the quality of the yarn is not up to standard. As a result, the process and equipment were jointly tackled, and the best process state was found. Finally, a wave-shaped seven-point gauge process (shown in Figure 1) was used between the cover of the C4 card and the cylinder, and a good process was obtained. Status and quality effects. The wavy-shaped cover plate~the cylinder carding area does not have a smooth transition. Except for the inlet point 1 and the exit point 7, the other five points are large and small, and are in a wave state, which is 1.2 mm and 0.35 mm. 0.25 mm, 0.3 mm, 0.25 mm, 0.28 mm, 0.6 mm. Under the action of the needle surface of this special gauge, the combing force received by the needle is also changed suddenly and weakly, but the combing degree is not repeated, but the combing surface is gradually strengthened with the ring arc, because 2, 4, The 6-point gauge is 0.35 mm, 0.30 mm and 0.28 mm, and the combing force is gradually increasing. The combing degree is such that the degree of injury is reduced correspondingly to the initial gauge interval, the number of fiber breaks is reduced, and the short pile is decreased. The trend dropped from 15.76% to 14.78%. Of course, the short fiber is also relieved, and the number of neps is also decreasing. In this wavy needle-effect zone, on the one hand the fibres are properly combed and on the other hand the damage is reduced, which is very advantageous for reducing the neps.
This kind of large and small gauge configuration process has never been reported in domestic and foreign literatures, but from the results of the above tests, the quality of the sliver and the quality of the finished yarn are still relatively good. It seems that this case has nothing to do with equipment maintenance, but the idea of ​​the process configuration is still benefited from the consideration of equipment status, process status and product quality status as a system, the technical contradiction in the dialectical conversion process, and the three-state integration Only succeeded. Therefore, we should correctly understand the three states of state maintenance, and strive to achieve higher equipment reliability, provide the best process state for the machine, and take into account the comprehensive performance of raw materials as much as possible, and achieve the product with the lowest production cost. The best state of quality. This new way of thinking is unmatched by the combination of traditional craftsmanship and equipment.
4. State Maintenance Features State maintenance is a new mode based on equipment status, adapted to process status and product quality status. In actual operation, it has its own characteristics: equipment maintenance is more important than maintenance; inspection of equipment operating status; tracking and diagnosis of abnormal state signs; classification of diagnosed pre-fault equipment, planned Repair at the right time. In the face of this new maintenance method, equipment maintenance professional and technical personnel must also have corresponding new concepts and superb technical quality.
4.1 Maintenance is more important than maintenance
The traditional concept of periodic maintenance believes that preservation is more important than maintenance [3], and maintenance is subordinate. The practice of state maintenance shows that it is necessary to comprehensively improve the status of maintenance work, and maintenance is more important than maintenance. Only by doing maintenance work can we reduce potential hidden troubles, curb potential fault development and greatly reduce the probability of failure. Therefore, maintenance should be changed from subordinate status to dominant position. The new concept of maintenance believes that maintenance work is not only about cleaning and lubrication, but also includes fastener reinforcement and inspection.
4.2 Check the running status in advance and confirm the abnormal state
Compared with the maintenance of the period plan, the state maintenance has more active and proactive preventive measures, pre-patching, actively tracking the signs and determining the abnormal state, and performing timely maintenance in advance to eliminate the fault in the bud.
In order to actively detect the signs of failure, it should be tested in advance, and the technical status of all key parts of the equipment in operation should be checked and recorded in order to check the status of the equipment at a certain stage. For general parts (that is, parts that are not prone to failure), a general inspection is carried out, and the frequency of inspection is lower than that of the key parts, so that the focus is emphasized and care is taken. For the symptoms found during the inspection, the symptoms of the failure shall be repaired randomly, or the state trend shall be tracked, and the state diagnosis shall be carried out in time to characterize and quantify the nature and extent of the failure. There is no fault diagnosis for periodic planned maintenance, which is a clear distinction between state maintenance and cycle planned maintenance.
State repair, also known as predictive repair, means that the "state" is predicted before repair, so the inspection work is very important. There are two kinds of detection methods: one is to rely on the five senses test, that is, the method of seeing, listening, touching, and smelling; the other is to use scientific instruments to detect the state of the equipment.
4.3 Planned timely and appropriate repairs
State maintenance is also planned. If the plan for periodic planned maintenance is based on the time period, the state maintenance is focused on the state. This does not mean that the state repair has no plan. State maintenance is very focused on planning. This kind of plan is based on the "state" plan, that is, the equipment that has been patrolled, diagnosed abnormally and has early signs of failure, according to their nature, priority classification, scheduling, timely, Moderate repairs. It emphasizes planning testing and gathering information in advance, so its planning is more realistic than traditional maintenance programs. "Timely", it is less stop, see the stitches, use the gap between the machine and the machine as much as possible; second, the repair work is carried out continuously, breaking the restrictions of the original Changbai class maintenance personnel, and minimize the maintenance downtime. “Moderate†is to disassemble only the faulty parts, and only need to replace or repair the damaged parts, thereby greatly reducing the stoppage time and the consumption of machine parts, improving the operation rate and economic benefits of the equipment. Therefore, moderate repair is hardly a big repair or minor repair in the periodic planned maintenance mode.
4.4 Quality characteristics of professional maintenance personnel
Modern equipment is complex and more systematic, requiring more advanced equipment maintenance management. The development of enterprises in recent years shows that with the technological advancement of equipment, the technical content of maintenance has increased year by year, and the contradiction between advanced equipment and backward maintenance capability has increasingly plagued enterprises and become an obstacle for enterprises to advance. Modern maintenance personnel encounter many complex equipments that integrate optoelectronic technology, pneumatic technology, laser technology and computer technology. Maintenance workers in the traditional sense are not qualified for the maintenance of modern equipment. Advanced equipment requires modern maintenance concepts and Advanced maintenance technology.
State maintenance requires expert management and knowledge of the operator. Some companies have also added equipment state diagnostic engineers, which are responsible for on-site diagnosis. To carry out good maintenance, professionals must have the following technical qualities:
(1) The new concept of modern equipment maintenance with technical and economic integration and the awareness of self-maintenance and repair, strong sense of responsibility, dedication and dedication. State maintenance In addition to collective work, a large number of working hours are used for the inspection and diagnosis of personal responsibility machines, requiring professionals to have a stronger sense of post and self-discipline.
(2) Have a certain state maintenance theory knowledge, in addition to mastering the traditional mechanical repair skills, you should also master sensory diagnosis and instrument diagnostic techniques.
(3) Adapt to the new state inspection operation mode, when the machine “doctor†is good, gradually find the abnormal signs associated with the equipment status, process status and product quality status.
references:
[1]Geng Gangren. A preliminary study on the reform of equipment maintenance methods, Cotton Textile Technology, 1997; 25(12): 18~20.
[2] Discussion on the relationship between wave spacing and yarn quality of Linzike carding machine. Journal of Textile Research, 2001; 22(6).
[3] Equipment Management Group of China Textile Industry Enterprise Management Association. Equipment Management and Maintenance of Textile Enterprises. Beijing: Textile Industry Press, 1991.
[4] Li Yuwen. A new mode of new thinking in equipment management. Beijing: Mechanical Industry Press, 1999.
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