The 50-year development history of China's trucks not only represents the 50-year development history of the Chinese auto industry, but the changes in the truck market can also reflect the development of the Chinese national economy over the past 50 years.
Today, standing at such a gateway to review history, in 50 years, as a new starting point, Chinese trucks will embark on a new journey.
Demand for domestic trucks gradually increases with the development of the national economy
This year is the beginning of the 11th Five-Year Plan.
In the "two sessions" at the beginning of the year, Premier Wen said that during the "Eleventh Five-Year Plan" period, China's annual average economic growth rate is expected to be 7.5%. Needless to say, as the economy continues to grow, trucks will continue to grow rapidly as an important means of production and circulation.
However, while the demand for trucks in China continues to increase, people in the industry are also aware that there is still a big gap between the current level of domestic truck products and the level of international advanced truck products. Domestic trucks have low technological levels and low prices; developed-country markets mostly rely on heavy trucks, while domestic trucks have medium-to-small tonnages. In comparison, domestic users have relatively low requirements for truck comfort, safety, and environmental protection. In addition, because domestic trucks are mainly used for transporting raw materials such as coal and steel, trucks in developed countries are used to transport industrial finished goods, packaged goods, and different types of goods, which also leads to great differences in the demand for trucks. .
"Currently, although the domestic self-owned brand trucks and Chinese users have adapted to their needs, this does not mean that they are advanced." Senior automotive expert Chen Guangzu said that foreign advanced trucks cannot meet domestic logistics requirements because of the current needs of Chinese truck users. Relatively backward.
Xu Changming, director of the Economic Information Center of the National Information Center, also holds this view. He said that although the demand of truck users for appearance, cab comfort, etc. is constantly increasing, the increase in demand is not a one-off process. It is believed that with the continuous development of the national economy in the future, the demand for trucks by users will continue to increase. With the “high demand†market, the technical level, comfort level, and safety performance of domestic trucks will continuously upgrade.
Domestic and heavy-duty card formats still have variables
The trend of the development of China's truck products is toward the development of “two poles†(ie light and heavy), which has reached consensus in the industry. With the development of the modern logistics industry, the extension of expressways and the increase in the country’s “super cureâ€, trucks tend to be heavy in long-distance transport, and heavy-duty trucks with fast, large tonnage and high intact rates will become mainstream, while in cities. Regional distribution within the area depends mainly on light trucks.
“At present, the homogeneity of domestic light truck products is serious and the pattern is relatively stable, and there may not be any significant changes.†Xu Changming said: “In the domestic medium and heavy truck market, there has been no serious homogenization of products. The outcome of the product is decided, so the pattern of medium and heavy trucks is not stable."
For a long time, FAW Jiefang and Dongfeng Commercial Vehicles have occupied more than half of China's heavy truck market. However, due to the implementation of the national “super cure†in 2005, the domestic heavy truck market continued to undergo structural adjustment, large tonnage products are increasingly favored, and products are concentrated in 8-15 tons of Dongfeng, Liberation and other brand sales plummeted, while the production of more than 15 tons of products such as China National Heavy Duty Truck, Shaanxi Heavy Duty Truck and other companies, due to occupy product advantages, sales rose rapidly.
In order to adapt to market changes and demands, major truck companies have successively launched large-tonnage products. Dongfeng Commercial Vehicles Co., Ltd. has launched the Tianlong series, Dongfeng Liuzhou Automobile has launched Balong, and FAW has librated and launched Aowei.... Authoritative experts say that competition is not currently available. In the full case, the product will determine the outcome. Therefore, there is still a great deal of variation in China's medium and heavy trucks. In addition, the variability of policies will also be one reason why the truck market is full of variables.
Exporting developing countries are still the embodiment of China's truck competitiveness
At present, commercial vehicles occupy a very high proportion in the domestic vehicle exports, and trucks occupy a larger proportion in the exports of commercial vehicles. Therefore, trucks dominate the export of finished vehicles in China. At present, the overseas export markets of Chinese trucks are mainly distributed in markets such as Africa, the Middle East, Southeast Asia, and Latin America. The export products are mainly concentrated on low-tonnage products below 5 tons, and are mostly medium- and low-end trucks with low technological content.
“In the future, domestic truck exports will continue to increase, and it may be concentrated in some developing countries for some time,†said one industry expert.
“Automobiles are the products with the highest requirements for globalization, and they need to implement international standards in terms of safety, energy conservation, environmental protection, recycling, etc.†Chen Guangzu said that only when these trucks meet these standards, can they fully participate in international competition and meet international advanced standards. Into Europe and the United States and other developed countries market.
Many experts pointed out that countries such as Europe and the United States have stricter regulations and standards for trucks. If domestic truck companies now enter swiftly, it is tantamount to hitting rocks with eggs.
"From the point of view of export strategy, Chinese trucks can only fully demonstrate the competitiveness of our trucks by exporting to countries with low levels of economic development." Xu Changming said that the economic development of developing countries is relatively backward, and the demand for trucks The demand is similar to or even lower than that of truck users in China. These countries are classified as "non-regulated countries," and their laws and regulations are not perfect. The requirements are not very strict. Countries such as China's truck exports are even more dominant.
“The world’s most advanced truck companies like Mercedes, Volvo, Renault, etc., have only a share of their global share in the developed markets of Europe and the United States, and they also occupy a considerable market share in the markets of Southeast Asia, Latin America and Africa. However, On the markets of these developing countries, Chinese trucks are more competitive with Mercedes-Benz and Volvo products in terms of price, and are more easily accepted by the local market. Chinese trucks do not necessarily have to go to the European and American markets to participate in global competition. The advanced trucking companies have fully tempered and accumulated their strength in overseas markets in developing countries. This is a more pragmatic export road,†said one industry expert.
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