In production practice, the most commonly used internal amalgamation is the radon mining machine, the amalgamation cylinder and the amalgamation mill. Ball mills and rod mills are rarely used as internal amalgamation equipment because they produce intense powdered mercury during the crushing of ore. In the western countries, the use of antimony mining machines is mostly used for mercury amalgamation, while in the Soviet Union, mercury amalgamation tanks and amalgamation mills are used as internal mercury mixing equipment. The application of mercury in vein gold mines in China is very rare, and a few mines use helium mining machines for internal amalgamation. Some gold mines use a mercury-mixing cylinder to separate gold and other heavy minerals.
The rake mining machine is simple in structure, easy to operate and easy to manufacture. However, due to the low working efficiency, low processing capacity and low recovery rate, the mining machine is only suitable for simple gold-bearing ore processing for coarse-grained inlays in small and medium-sized mines.
The boring machine is mainly composed of components such as gutters, frames, hammers and transmissions. When working, the ore and mercury and water are first added into the gutter, and the drive mechanism drives the cam to make the hammer head reciprocate up and down to complete the crushing and amalgamation operation. The treated slurry is discharged through the screen, and the mercury paste in the slurry is collected by the mercury-mixing plate, the excess mercury and the gold particles not amalgamed are separated, and the grit is separated by the chute, and then the gold is selected by the shaker. Sulfide concentrate. The gutters of the tanning machine are regularly cleaned, and the clearing materials are sorted by a mercury-mixing plate and a shaker to obtain a mercury paste and a gold-containing concentrate.
The mining machine does not have a setting device. The radon mining machine used in a gold mine in China is 225 kg and 450 kg according to the weight of its hammer. The ore miner has a feed size of less than 50 mm and a mine size of less than 0.4 mm. The processing capacity of the 225 kg mining machine is 295 kg / Taiwan • hour; the handling capacity of the 450 kg mining machine is 610 kg / Taiwan • hour. The liquid in the gutter: solid = 6:1. The amount of lime used is 0.5 to 1.0 kg/ton of ore. The amount of mercury added for the first time: 225 kg of thorium mining machine is 10 g / ton of ore; 450 kg of thorium mining machine is 20 g / ton of ore. After the first mercury is supplied, the mercury is added once every 15 minutes according to the gold content of the original ore.
Ammonia is an effective internal amalgamation device suitable for extracting gold from gold-containing re-selection (ie heavy sand). Its structure is simple, easy to operate, and the recovery rate of gold can reach 98%.
Although the gold particles in the heavy sand are mostly monomeric gold, the surface of the gold particles often has different degrees of oxidation, and at the same time, some gold particles may exist as a continuous body. In order to eliminate the oxidized film on the surface of the gold particles and dissociate the gold particles from the continuum, it is often necessary to add a small amount of steel balls to the cylinder when using the amalgamation cylinder to treat the heavy sand.
When heavy sand concentrate is mixed with mercury in a non-alkaline medium, sometimes a mixture of iron and minerals is produced to produce a magnetic mercury paste. Therefore, the mercury is mostly carried out in an alkaline medium, and lime is used to adjust the alkalinity of the slurry. The amount of lime used is 2 to 4% of the charge, and the amount of water is generally 30 to 40% of the charge.
The shape of the amalgamation cylinder is similar to that of a ball mill , with a large hole on one side and a small hole on the other side, which are sealed with a rubber-covered iron cover. The amalgamation cylinder is intermittent, and the process includes charging, amalgamation and discharge. Mercury can be added along with the material, or it can be ground for a while before being added. Practice has proved that the method of first grinding and then adding mercury has better mercury mixing effect, and the consumption of mercury is also low, and mercury is not easy to "get sick". The rotation speed of the cylinder can be adjusted, and the number of revolutions without mercury grinding is generally 30 to 35 rpm. The time of mixing mercury depends on the nature of the material and usually needs to be determined experimentally, mostly for 1 to 12 hours. After the mercury is mixed, first open the large hole, rinse with water, wait for the mud to drain, stop the water release, disassemble the lower hole, and release the mercury paste and mortar. Mercury cartridge products are treated with mercury traps, suture chutes or amalgam plates to obtain mercury paste and heavy minerals, respectively.
The mercury content of the mercury-mixing cylinder is generally 9 times of the gold content of the material, but it varies with the grinding grain size of the material: when the material particle size is +0.5 mm, 6 g of mercury is extracted by adding 1 g of gold; the particle size is -0.5. At +0.15 mm, 8 g of mercury must be added; -0.15 mm of fine-grained gold must be added with 10 g of mercury. The water content in the mercury-mixing cylinder is generally 30-40% of the charge, or the general grinding concentration. Calculation.
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