Where is the Energy Source for Vehicles: Biodiesel starts to require standard escort


On August 25, the author learned from Guizhou Provincial Development and Reform Commission that Guizhou Province had an active negotiation with Sinopec, and the two parties reached a preliminary consensus on the in-depth cooperation in the two fields of processing and sales of biodiesel in the small tung tree. According to briefings, Guizhou Province is actively developing the biodiesel industry and has planned to develop a biodiesel production scale of 1 million tons.

Still in the preliminary study phase

Wu Moucheng, a professor at the Huazhong Agricultural University's Material Energy Research Center, said that biodiesel refers to clean, renewable, liquid fuels that can be used by diesel engines. One source of raw materials is rapeseed, soybean and other oil crops, leprosy fruit (commonly known as the fruit of small tung tree) and other oil forest fruit, and engineering algae and other aquatic oil plants; the other is animal fats, swill oil and so on.

Wu Moucheng told the author that biodiesel is a good alternative to petrochemical diesel and is called "green diesel." Compared with ordinary diesel, biodiesel has excellent environmental performance, less smoke when burning, sulfide emissions can be reduced by 70%; from the source of raw materials, it is renewable, its transport, storage and use more secure, not It is a flammable and explosive dangerous goods. The use of biodiesel and a certain proportion of regular diesel fuel can reduce fuel consumption and improve power performance. The diesel engine does not need to be modified or replace parts; its lubrication is also relatively good, which can prolong the service life of the engine.

At present, Germany, the United States, France, Italy, and other countries are all striving to develop biodiesel, with an annual output of more than 400,000 tons. Among them, Germany is the largest country for biodiesel consumption and has more than 1,400 biodiesel stations. The output exceeded in 2006. More than 2 million tons, and formulated a national standard for biodiesel.

“Compared with foreign countries, China has made gratifying progress and development in methanol gasoline and ethanol gasoline, but biodiesel has just started and there is a considerable gap, and it has long been paralyzed in the primary research stage and has failed to form industrialization.” Song Baoan, vice president of Guizhou University, said.

At present, only companies in Hainan, Sichuan, Guizhou, and Fujian have developed technologies with independent intellectual property rights, and have successively built production lines that use waste oil, vegetable oil, and waste animal fat as raw materials to produce more than 10,000 tons of biodiesel annually. However, the annual output of biodiesel in the country is less than 80,000 tons and sales in the market will not exceed 50,000 tons.

Biodiesel is in urgent need of standard escort

China is the largest rape planting country in the world, mainly located in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. At present, the planting area of ​​rapeseed in Hubei Province is approximately 17 million mu. It is understood that 100 pounds of rapeseed can process 40 pounds of biodiesel, but at present there is almost no domestic company that uses rapeseed to convert biodiesel. “This is because the current price per ton of rapeseed oil is as high as more than 8,000 yuan, and only 5,000 yuan per ton of ordinary diesel, which is like 'using bread to make bread', the cost is too high.” In addition, if large-scale rapeseed oil expansion, it is also possible Affecting food production, Wu Moucheng explained.

"The biggest problem in the development of biodiesel industry is to solve the source of raw materials. China needs to form its own characteristics of raw material supply according to national conditions." Song Baoan said that the United States, France, Germany and other countries mainly use soybean oil, mustard seed oil and rapeseed oil. Such as the production of biodiesel for raw materials, but the Chinese people are more land and less, it is not possible to develop bio-diesel as fuel oil plants that use cultivated land like developed countries.

According to incomplete statistics, China's urban catering industry has produced more than 5 million tons of waste oil and frying oil each year, and there are a large number of animal fats and animal products produced during the process of baking foods. , kitchen condensate, etc. Experts suggest that biodiesel production can make full use of these large amounts of waste oil, find a way for waste oil, especially waste oil, turning waste into treasure.

Lu Dachang, deputy director of the Guizhou Provincial Development and Reform Commission, said that a large number of small tung trees are planted in Guizhou Province to develop the biodiesel industry. The small tung tree has a strong growth ability and a high oil content. It can grow on barren land such as sand and rocks and does not compete with others for food. , Do not compete with the grain, Guizhou has now planted 200,000 acres of barren slopes, plans to grow 6 million acres.

Song Baoan told the author that at present, China's biodiesel production technology is relatively mature, but the production equipment is relatively backward. The biodiesel is now predominantly transesterified. From the considerations of raw material requirements, ease of reaction conditions, recycling of catalysts, etc., solid base catalysts in heterogeneous catalysts should be the main trend for future development.

Accelerate the formulation of industry standards

Prof. Li Shizhong of Tsinghua University and senior engineer Du Zexue of the Sinopec Research Institute of Petroleum and Petrochemicals said during an inspection tour in Guizhou Province that the development of the biodiesel industry must be scientifically developed and rationally laid out, and demonstrations should be done first. They pointed out that raw materials are the bottleneck restricting the development of biodiesel in China. When planting oil trees, the selection of tree species, planting area, and biodiversity issues should be fully taken into consideration, and the ecological damage to biodiesel should not be sacrificed. . In addition, it is necessary to overcome the problem of disposal of waste oil, effectively recover and separate the waste oil, and re-use it, establishing a series of management procedures such as collection, transportation, and disposal of waste oil.

Wu Moucheng believes that only through scientific research can solve the problem of raw materials that restrict the development of biodiesel. For example, deep processing of cakes produced in the conversion process can increase their added value to compensate for conversion losses. Secondly, the oil content of rapeseed can be increased through advanced technologies; the quality of biodiesel can be improved through chemical methods and its own quality can be improved. In addition, the woody oil plant fruits, engineering algae, and eucalyptus oil can all be developed and utilized.

"The development of the biodiesel industry requires biodiesel standards to be escorted." Lu Dachang said that the prospects for biodiesel in China are promising. Although the formulation of the first national standard for biodiesel has been piloted, "Diesel Fuel Reconciliation Biodiesel (BD100) National Standards, but it is only the recommended quality standard for biodiesel. China should establish the biodiesel quality standard and biodiesel standard system as soon as possible. Some developed countries have successively established their own biodiesel standards, including biodiesel antioxidant additives, raw material storage, garbage collection, transportation, processing and a series of complete standard systems.

Lu Dachang said that the biodiesel industry has just started and has very good prospects. It is hoped that the state will formulate encouraging policies and encourage qualified companies and organizations to actively use biodiesel to support the development of the biodiesel industry.



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