Amorphous catalysts are prepared by ray diffraction spectroscopy by connecting metal elements with metal bonds and maintaining short-range order and long-range disorder within a range of several lattice constants to form a structure similar to a cluster. As a result of transmission electron microscopy, etc., they believe that the amorphous catalyst particles are actually organometallic clusters having a porous structure, and the pore structure conforms to the requirements of the low-temperature fuel cell for gas diffusion electrodes.
Amorphous alloys are ordered in short-range, contain many coordination unsaturated atoms, are highly reactive, and thus have more surface active centers. The difference is that the amorphous alloy is long-range disordered, and the surface maintains a chaotic arrangement of atoms in the liquid state, which not only facilitates the adsorption of the reactants, but also the disordered arrangement of surface atoms results in a considerable number of atoms on the surface. In a coordinated unsaturated state, more atoms can participate in the catalysis. This long-range disorder can also be seen as an extreme defect, and these "defects" are also advantageous for catalysis, often forming catalytically active centers that are not found in new crystalline alloys. Amorphous alloys maintain near-ideal uniformity and isotropy in chemistry, and do not exhibit eccentricity and other phenomena that are unfavorable for catalysis. These are all beneficial to improve the catalytic activity of the amorphous alloy.
Summary Due to the lack of periodic dislocations and very low dislocation fluidity, these can effectively prevent elastic deformation and atomic loss, so amorphous alloys generally have better mechanical properties.
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