1 Introduction
Tokpara is part of the US-based South Peruvian Copper Company, which was formed by the American company Asarco. The mine is located in the province of Dakna in southern Peru, 90km southeast of Dakna, 85km from the western port of Ilo, and 3100~3600m above sea level.
Tokpara consists of an open pit mine, a plant and an Ilo smelter. The plant is 3180m above sea level.
Construction began in September 1959. In 1960, the 30 kt/d plant was selected for production. In 1965, it was expanded to 36 kt/d. In July 1976, it was expanded to 46 kt/d. Now, the daily ore processing capacity of 45kt / d, 1973 with an annual output of blister copper 130kt, molybdenum, molybdenum concentrate 1231t. In 1976, it produced 1400 tons of molybdenum.
2. Deposits, ores and mining
Trafigura Parra Peru Copper is the largest porphyry copper ore deposit in north west towards the foot of the Andes Mountain West, deposits to the north west, parallel to the regional tectonic Andes on the lower Cretaceous to Tertiary formation trending belt In the middle, there are two faults in the area. The deposits and the breccia are formed by a wide network of cleavage belts, mainly composed of quartz coarse porphyry, quartz monzonite and andesite .
The mineralization and metallogenic characteristics are relatively simple, and the ore body grade distribution is relatively uniform. The ore body plane is round to elliptical, with a diameter of more than 1000m, the profile is conical, and the depth is more than 400m; the ore body is obviously vertical zoning, the upper part is the leaching zone and the oxidized ore zone, the middle part is the secondary enrichment zone, and the deep part is the primary zone. Sulphide ore belt. Through mineral inclusion research, the ore-forming temperature is 225~475°C, which is a medium-temperature hydrothermal type, and the mineralization age is 58.7 million years ago. The existing ore reserves are 410 Mt, containing 1% copper and 0.029% molybdenum.
The copper sulfide in the ore is immersed in 1~2mm particles rather than veins. The main metal minerals pyrite, chalcopyrite, chalcocite (upper secondary enrichment zone) and molybdenite.
The large open-pit mining of the Tokpara mine has a total amount of 150kt per day, in addition to 50kt ore. The stripping ratio is 3:1.
3. Mineral processing technology
Tokpara uses the three-stage cone crusher with pre-screening to open the crushing process. The crushed product has a particle size of 85%-13mm.
The copper-molybdenum mixed flotation process is shown in Figure 1. There are four series of mixed flotation, the same as 1 and 3 series, 2 rod mills and 4 billiard mills in each series; 2, 4 series are the same, 2 rod mills and 6 billiard mills in each series. Rod mills, ball mills and re-grinding 2 billiard mills are all Marcy-type.
Figure 1 Tokpara copper-molybdenum mixed flotation process
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Copper-molybdenum sorting: The process is shown in Figure 2. The copper-molybdenum mixed concentrate is concentrated, once rough-selected, two-stage re-grinding, a section of 80 °C steam heat treatment, eight times of selection and a section of sodium cyanide impregnated with copper ore and copper blue, and obtained Cu<0.3%. High quality molybdenum concentrate.
Figure 2 Tokpara flotation sorting process
4, mineral processing indicators
The ore processing capacity is 45kt/d, and the grade is 1% Cu (all Cu), 0.93% Cu (copper sulfide), 4% Fe, 0.015% Mo. Grade of copper-molybdenum mixed concentrate: 26% Cu, 0.300% Mo. Molybdenum concentrate (flotation) grade: 52.80% Mo, 1.3% Cu (before dipping), working molybdenum recovery rate of 66%. Copper concentrate grade: 26.1% Cu, 0.102% Mo, total copper recovery rate of 85%, copper sulfide recovery rate of 90%. Tailings grade: 0.15% total Cu, 0.09% copper sulfide, 0.006% Mo.
5. Mineral processing agent
(1) Copper-molybdenum mixed flotation reagent (measured by raw ore (g/t))
Pentyl xanthogen acrylate (S-3302) 9.1 (added to the rod mill), isopropyl xanthate 16.0 (added to the rough flotation cell), lime (containing CaO = 78%) 1590 (added to the rod In the mill), a synthetic foaming agent (Aerofroth 73 and 38y) 6.8 (added to the classifier overflow), a flocculant (Poly Hall M-59) 2.7 (added to the tailings concentrator).
(2) Copper-molybdenum sorting agent (measured by final copper concentrate per ton (g/t))
2 # diesel 36.3, synthetic foaming agent (Aerofroth73) 9.1,
Sodium sulfide | } | Anamol-D | 4770 | ( | 70% added to rough selection | ) |
Arsenic trioxide | 1590 | 30% added to each selection |
Ethylene glycol (Exfoam 636) 68, sodium cyanide (leaching) 1135.
6, other
There are 2,642 employees in the mine, including: 2088 workers; 500 production workers in the mining plant and 500 maintenance workers. Mining works six days a week, three shifts a day, and 308 days a year.
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