Natural gas is a clean and fuel sourced from the United States. For decades, it has been widely used for home heating and to drive stationary engines. It has been an important part of the United States' strategy of becoming more environmentally friendly fuel solutions and energy independence. With the development of new extraction methods, new natural gas reserves have recently been discovered, which makes natural gas applications in high-powered engines, such as mining and railways, a viable option, potentially saving fleet owners millions of dollars. Fuel costs.
Obviously, the United States has now entered the highway for natural gas applications and is in a process of rapid increase.
Several important milestones in the development of shale gas occurred at almost the same time, mainly related to shale gas regions such as Marcellus, Bacon and Eagle Ford. According to the US Department of Energy’s statistics and analysis agency in Washington DC, the US Energy Information Administration estimates that US natural gas production will increase from 23 trillion cubic feet to 33.1 trillion cubic feet from 2011 to 2040, an increase of 44%. Most of this is due to the increase in shale gas production and is expected to increase from 7.8 trillion cubic feet to 16.7 trillion cubic feet from 2011 to 2040.
Over the years, the prices of crude oil and natural gas have followed similar rules. "Right now crude oil prices have risen and fell more fluctuating, and natural gas has remained stable," said Jade Tulman, manager of US market development at Denver, Colorado-based FerusLNG. "According to forecasts, natural gas prices will stay for quite some time. Keep it low."
In December last year, gas producers EnCana and Ferus LNG (both in Calgary, Alberta, Canada) announced a joint venture to build a 50,192-gallon-per-day LNG plant in Aberdeen. Near the Grand Prairie Tower, near the Energy Industry District. Expected to be operational by the end of 2013, the plant will be the first in Canada to design, manufacture LNG, and provide LNG to large-horsepower (HHP) engines on rigs, heavy highways, and off-highway vehicles.
LNG refueling stations can also be used at other sites, including railways, mining, and remote power generation. FerusLNG will be responsible for managing the LNG supply chain, including all the equipment involved in the process from production to delivery to the end customer.
"LNG is rapidly becoming the fuel of choice for large-horsepower engines for road and off-highway vehicles in North America," said Erik, executive vice president of Canada Energy Corporation and senior vice president of the US division. "This project illustrates LNG as a Alternative fuels are widely used in the industry for increasing feasibility. With this new LNG plant, Canadian Energy Corporation and Ferus LNG will meet growing market demand and push diesel consumers in northern and western Canada to gradually switch to natural gas. Clean fuels not only save costs but also reduce emissions."
Previously, LNG applications were not as common as compressed natural gas (CNG). Nowadays, with the rapid development of shale gas, LNG's efficient transportation mode solves the problem of supply in places where piping is inconvenient, making it easy to use on some remote equipment. These changes have caused LNG to attract more attention. According to the Natural Gas Supply Association, LNG is 1/600th the volume of gaseous natural gas. In the process of liquefaction, natural gas removes oxygen, carbon dioxide, sulfur and water and is almost pure methane. Usually its production cost is very high, and new technology will reduce the cost of LNG liquefaction and regasification.
For the engine, it is impossible to tell whether the LNG fuel or the CNG fuel entered the cylinder because they are essentially the same fuel, have the same British thermal units and the same composition. "What's different is the difference in energy density," said Talman. "You may have a fuel tank on hand. If you use LNG fuel, this fuel tank can last eight days, but you can only use CNG fuel for one day. This is a significant difference. ."
Tarman said that there are some deficiencies in the use of LNG, LNG is a cryogenic liquid, and the operation process requires special training and processing. "The cooling of liquefied natural gas to -260°F requires specially trained operators and specialized trucks. On the other hand, liquefied natural gas (LNG) also improves safety because LNG is stored and transported as liquid. It doesn't burn like diesel, gasoline, or kerosene. If a leak occurs, it will spread to the atmosphere without being trapped around as a hidden danger."
If the natural gas liquefaction facility in Alberta is put into use, Tarman said, "Ferus will use part of the LNG to meet its own transportation needs, and EnCana will use LNG for drilling and hydraulic fracturing. Equilibrium distribution of LNG is sold to Other users. The target customers of Ferus generally use high-horsepower engine equipment, such as drilling rigs."
Normally, the rig will have 3 12-cylinder engines. If the user replaces half of the diesel fuel with natural gas fuel, it will quickly save a lot of money. In 2011 alone, EnCana used natural gas instead of diesel in rigs and company trucks, saving US$12 million in fuel costs.
North America is located in a region rich in natural gas resources. It can supply natural gas and its price is lower than that of diesel. It provides better economic security for customers to switch from diesel fuel to natural gas. More importantly, the development of engine technology has also promoted the use of natural gas in these large-scale equipment.
"Natural gas fuel is very attractive to the mining industry because it can save the company money on fuel costs," said Talman. "The economic benefits are obvious. The amount of diesel fuel that these equipments consume is huge. And the application of natural gas fuels in the mining industry is facing The challenge is at the technical level, but in the recent fundamental transition, Big Horse Engines is incorporating technology for natural gas engine applications."
Last year, Caterpillar and Cummins have announced that they will increase the application of natural gas resources in engine development technology, so that natural gas can be applied as soon as possible on high-powered engines. At the MINExpo exhibition held in Las Vegas in September 2012, Caterpillar showed some of its product development trends.
"Natural gas is a clean fuel, fuel economy is good, and it is suitable for us to distribute most of the mining customers around the world," said Chris Curfman, vice president of Caterpillar, who is mainly responsible for sales and technical support in the mining industry. He said, " The power of LNG as fuel has great potential to reduce the cost of fuel to customers. Therefore, we look forward to providing this product to the global mining community."
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