For the extraction of vanadium from the LD (Linz-Donawitz) converter slag of the steelmaking plant, M.Aarabi-Karasgani et al. studied an alkaline roasting-acid leaching process and determined the influence of various influencing factors on the dissolution kinetics of vanadium. The slag was analyzed by XRD, XRF and SEM/EDX analyzers. The optimum process conditions are: leaching temperature 70 °C, solid-liquid mass volume 1/5, acid concentration 3 mol/L, leaching time 150 min. Under this condition, the maximum recovery of vanadium is 95%, and the slag particle size has a great influence on the dissolution of vanadium. When the particle size is less than 0.850 mm, the vanadium leaching rate is the largest. The dissolution of vanadium in sulfuric acid indicates that the leaching kinetics is divided into two stages: within the initial 15 min, the vanadium leaching rate increases rapidly; with the extension of time, the leaching rate begins to decrease. The acid leaching kinetics of the slag can be described by a shrinkage core model. The improved shrinkage core model represents a long leaching process in which the initial recovery of vanadium (the beginning of long leaching) is not zero. The results show that the leaching kinetics at low temperature is controlled by chemical reaction regardless of the leaching time. The leaching rate at high temperature is determined by the diffusion state of the solid product.
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