First, fluorite flotation
(1) Fluorite decalcifying process, which consists of one rough selection and multiple selection operations. The oleic acid is used as a collector for rough selection. The mixture of sulfuric acid and acidic water glass is used as an inhibitor of calcium mineral. The ratio of sulfuric acid to acidic water glass is 1:0.5 to 1:2, and the combined dosage is 0.5 to 1.5 kg. /t∙ ore, the calcium removal method of the process has the advantages of high calcium removal efficiency, simple process and low cost. Super fluorite concentrates with very low calcium carbonate can be selected from high calcium fluorite ore.
(2) The preparation method of the fluorite flotation agent, the crude fatty acid or the mixed fatty acid produced by the oleic acid is used as a raw material, and the concentrated sulfuric acid having a weight of 3% to 15% by weight of the fatty acid is added thereto to cause the sulfate reaction to occur. Further, a beneficiation foaming agent having a weight of 0.4% to 3% by weight of the fatty acid is added to the reaction product. This product has strong collection ability, water solubility and good dispersibility, and is suitable for flotation of fluorite at normal temperature and low temperature.
(3) A low-grade fluorite and barite flotation separation method, using water glass as an inhibitor of siliceous gangue and calcium carbonate mineral, using oleic acid as a collector of fluorite and barite, and using starch , sodium sulfate, hydrochloric acid, sodium phosphate as barite hexametaphosphate inhibitor, can effectively be separated low grade fluorspar flotation barite. Under the condition that the ore fluorite grade is 33.92%～40.14% and the barite grade is 34.67%～35.33%, after mixed flotation and separation, fluorite with a grade of more than 95% and a recovery rate of 75.5～78.5% can be obtained. Concentrate; barite concentrate with a grade of 92.3% to 93.27% and a recovery of 75.20% to 77.73%.
(4) Fluorite flotation, fluorite floating fluorite, CaF 2 contains F48.9%, fluorite has good floatability, and fatty acids are used as collectors, and the pH of the pulp floats on fluorite. The selection effect has a great influence. When oleic acid is used as the collector, the pH of the slurry is 8-11, the floatability of fluorite is good, and the temperature of the slurry is raised, and the flotation index of fluorite can also be improved. Fluorite of different particle sizes also has different flotation behaviors. The coarse-grained fluorite flotation features strong selectivity, so its concentrate grade is high, but the recovery rate is low. The medium-sized fluorite flotation results in high concentrate grade and recovery rate. The concentrate grade and recovery rate of fine-grained fluorite flotation are low. When fluorite float is selected from oleic acid as a collector, it floats. The choice of water has higher requirements, and it is first softened when using hard water. Fluorite collectors in addition to oleic acid, hydrocarbyl sulfate, alkyl sulfonated arsopamine and sulfonates and amines can be used as fluorite collectors, commonly used sodium carbonate as a regulator, depending on the nature of the gangue Water glass, sodium metaphosphate, lignosulfonate, and dextrin can be used as inhibitors of gangue.
The flotation method of fluorite, the main problem of fluorite is the separation from symbiotic gangue ( quartz , calcite , barite, etc.). There are also problems with the separation of certain sulfides. Depending on the situation, the following methods can be used:
1. Fluorite ore containing sulphide ore, generally using xanthate collector to float the sulphide ore, and then adding fatty acid collector to flotation fluorite, sometimes in the fluorite flotation operation, adding a small amount of vulcanization Mineral inhibitors (such as cyanide) to inhibit residual sulfide minerals to ensure the quality of fluorite concentrate.
2, fluorite and barite, calcite separated, usually with oleic acid as fluorite floating collector, when using oleic acid as fluorspar flotation collector, adding a small amount of fluorite activated aluminum salt, plus paste Fine suppression of barite and calcite.
For the more complex fluorite ore containing more calcite, limestone , dolomite and other gangue minerals, it is better to use tannins and lignosulfonates.
3, the separation of fluorite and quartz, the use of fatty acid to collect fluorite, water glass as a quartz inhibitor, sodium carbonate to adjust the pulp pH of 8 ~ 9. The amount of water glass should be controlled well. When it is small, it can activate fluorite, but the inhibition effect on quartz is not enough. When it is excessive, the fluorite will be inhibited. In order to increase the amount of water glass, the inhibition strength of quartz gangue can be achieved. , often simultaneously with the addition of water glass, then add the polyvalent metal ions (e.g., Fe 3 +, Al 3 +) and alum, and aluminum sulfate. In addition, the addition of Cr 3 + and Zn 2 + ions also has an effect, which not only inhibits quartz but also calcite.
4, the separation of fluorite and barite, generally fluorite and barite mixed flotation, and then separated, mixed with flotation oleic acid as a collector water glass as an inhibitor, mixed concentrate separation can be Use the following methods:
(1) or dextrin with iron salt and tannic inhibitor, barite, fluorite flotation oleic acid;
(2) The barite is floated with a hydrocarbyl sulfate, and the fluorite concentrate is left in the flotation cell.
Second, fluorite flotation examples
(1) Single fluorite ore, the ore contains CaF 2 40%, SiO 2 54%, CaCO 3 3.2%, using a coarse, sweeping tail, and the coarse concentrate is refined 6 times after regrind. Back to the process. Sodium carbonate is used as a regulator, oleic acid is a collector, and water glass is an inhibitor. The concentrate grade is 98% and the recovery rate is 75%.
(2) The fluorite mine in Pengshui County mainly recovers mineral fluorite and barite. The daily processing capacity is 500 tons and the annual capacity is 150,000 tons. With an annual output of 100,000 tons of fluorite, barite and construction sand, fluorite is sold to the chemical plant to produce hydrofluoric acid, and the barite is sold to oil drilling companies for killing. The annual production value is 50 million yuan, and the profit and tax is 10 million yuan, which can drive the development of related enterprises. After the completion of the project, the mine and mineral processing can solve the employment problem of 200 people.
(III) Process flow: as shown below
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