1. The SN-oriented gully is developed in the low mountain on the south side of the mining area, and the flow varies greatly. From the south to the north, it flows into the Liangtian River on the north side. Liangtianxi is a large surface water in the mining area. The stream flows from west to east into the north side of the mining area and then turns to the north. The average flow is 2027m3/d, and the maximum flow in the rainy season is 5141m3/d.
(1) Geological structure
The mining area is located at the southern end of the Guanyu complex, and the east side is the short axis inclined anticline of Jiepai Ridge. The ore body mainly exists in the 100-200m elevation of the anticline core.
There are four main SN faults, including hydrology and geology of F1 and F3 mining areas; environmental problems; comprehensive analysis; Hunan
Hunan beryllium containing a large mine fluorite - tin (Cu) ore located about 42km from the county county, highway 1806 line from west to east across the middle mine. Due to the limitation of the degree of work at that time, the hydrogeological conditions of the mining area were not well understood, resulting in serious geological environmental problems during the mining process, resulting in certain economic losses. In this paper, the original data is used to comprehensively analyze the geological environment problems exposed in mining, and a comprehensive understanding of the hydrogeological conditions of the mining area has been obtained, which has certain reference significance for the exploration and mining of similar mines in the future.
(2) Hydrogeological conditions in the mining area
1. Natural Geography Overview
The mining area is denuded and dissolved in low hilly landforms. The terrain is high in the southwest and low in the northeast. The southwest side of the mining area is a denuded low mountain. The relative highest point is Jiepai Ridge, with an elevation of 584.1m. The northeast side is a dissolution hill. The lowest point is near Liangtian Village. The elevation is 340.8m, which is the relative erosion reference surface of the mining area. The relative height difference of the mining area is 243.3m.
The area is a subtropical monsoon region with a mild climate, damp and rainy. According to the information of the Yizhang County Meteorological Station, the average annual temperature of the area is 17.6 °C, the highest temperature is 38 °C, the lowest temperature is 0.5 °C; the annual average drop, F4, F5, the trend is generally 15 °, of which F1, F3 F4 is a normal fault, with a yield of 110°∠50～80°; F5 is 280°～290°∠60°. F4 is the largest, with a length of about 3 to 4 km and a fracture zone width of 50 to 70 m. The east and west wings of the anticline are respectively cut by two faults of F1 and F3.
2. There are four main NW faults, including F201, F202, F401 and F402, and the occurrence is 35°～50°∠40°～70°, all of which are twisted transverse faults. This group of faults often appears as a faulty SN to fault, generally smaller in scale, but the fracture zone is more developed.
(3) Water content of the formation
1. Shizizi Formation limestone karst fissure aquifer
The limestone of the Shixiazi Formation is under the water-measuring group in the mining area, and is exposed at both ends of the slanting slanting wing and SN, which is the direct ore-bearing horizon of the ore body, and its thickness is 430m. The surface karst is developed in the stratum, the gully, the trough and the funnel are common; the underground karst is also developed. The borehole sees the cavern rate of 63.41% and the karst rate is 0.48%. The karst is developed on the upper part of the F4 and the inclined anticline. The development elevation is generally about 200-100m, which is locally affected by the structure, and the development elevation is as deep as -205.55m. The water-rich layer of this layer is mainly controlled by structure. In the fault fracture zone, contact zone and weathering zone, the karst fissure develops, the water content is strong, and the water-rich from the top to the bottom is weakened. Generally, it is moderately rich, the spring water flow is 0.1-1.0L/s, and the water inflow from the drilling unit is 0.542L/sm.
Fig.1HydrogeologicalmapoftheminefieldC2+3, Cz-Huandian Group, Tuenmen Bridge Formation Aquifer Cc-Water Group Aquifer Cs-Shizizi Formation Aquifer 1-Hydrological Geology Boundary 2 - Fault and No. 3 - Ascending Spring and Flow (L/s) 4 - Water Drilling and No. 5 - Ground Collapse 6 - Tunnel No. 7 - Surface Water and Flow Direction
2, water measurement group sand shale aquif
It has a wide exposure in the mining area, and the thickness of the rock layer is 60-100m. The shallow rock is weathered and fractured, and the weathering depth is about 40m. It contains weathered fissure water, and the spring water is less exposed, and the flow rate is very small, generally 0.1-0.5L/s. The weathered crack is filled with clay and is a water-repellent layer.
3. The karst fissure aquifer of the dolomitic limestone of the Hutian Group and the Tumenqiao Formation
The rock formation is distributed in the NNE direction in the eccentric oblique core. The karst is developed, the karst is controlled by the SN direction, the EW to the fault and the joint structure. The surface karst form is mostly the gully and stone bud, and the underground is mainly composed of dissolution fractures and caves. The rock layer is rich in water and has a large amount of spring water. The maximum flow rate is 5.55 L/s, which is generally 0.1 to 1.0 L/s. The rock layer is covered with Quaternary clay and silty clay of 5-10 m thick, and the soil is brown and yellowish brown. The unevenness contains gravel and breccia, and the amount is about 10% to 20%. The gravel and breccia are mostly sandstone , and occasionally limestone, the particle size is generally 1 to 3 cm. The soil is in a plastic state and the soil hole is relatively developed.
(4) Water conductivity of the fault
1. Water conductivity near the SN to the fault
The F1, F3, and F5 fault structures are tight, the cementation is well filled, and the water conductivity is poor. F1 was tested by water injection, and its unit water absorption was 0.1534~0.20L/sm; F3 was tested by water injection, and its unit water absorption was 0.0388L/sm. The F4 fault is located in the anticline axis, the width of the fracture zone is 50-70m, the fractures on both sides of the fault are developed, the karst is developed, and the water conductivity is strong. The unit water absorption is 1.806~3.310L/sm; the PD375 tunnel reveals more water flow points. The flow rate is about 1.4L/s.
2. Water conductivity of NW to fault
There are four main ones, F201, F202, F401, and F402 are all twisted transverse faults. This group of faults often appears as faulty SN-oriented faults, generally smaller in scale, but the fracture zone is more developed, and has better water-conducting properties, which can form groundwater seepage channels.
(5) Groundwater recharge, runoff and discharge conditions
The groundwater in the mining area is mainly supplied with atmospheric precipitation at the southern end, and it is deposited in the fissures and caves of the rock, along the rock fissures and caves to the NNE to runoff, in the north end of the fertile field.
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