The new energy automobile industry is China's national strategic emerging industry. It is the focus of the government's industrial support development during the “Thirteenth Five-Year Plan†and bears the important mission of China’s auto industry to realize “a big automobile country†to a “powerful automobile countryâ€. China's new energy automobile industry Has entered a period of rapid development.
According to GGII data, the sales volume of new energy vehicles in China has increased significantly since 2012, and the sales volume has increased from 12,000 vehicles to 780,000 vehicles in 2017.
The outbreak of production and sales of new energy vehicles has boosted the use of lithium batteries. In 2017, the market size of lithium batteries in China was 135 billion yuan, the output value of power batteries was 72.5 billion yuan, and the output value of power batteries accounted for 54%, exceeding the scale of digital lithium batteries and becoming a lithium battery consumption structure. The largest proportion of the area.
With the impending retirement period of power battery installed in 2012-2014, 2018 is considered to be the first year of power battery scrap, driving the rapid growth of the scale of end-of-life lithium batteries. The waste power lithium battery has become the main growth point for battery recycling. .
The ideal mode for the recycling and reuse of power batteries is to use and dismantle them first, but at present, the disposal methods of power batteries are still mainly dismantling and recycling.
According to GGII statistics, in 2017, a total of 83,000 tons of lithium batteries (including digital lithium batteries) were discarded and disassembled in China, of which 95% were battery dismantling.
The reasons for the relatively small use of ladders include:
1. Battery manufacturers are reluctant to assume battery safety risks and do not want scrapped batteries to re-enter the market;
2. In the past, the amount of scrapped power batteries was small, and it was difficult to match older batteries.
3. At present, the use of power battery ladders is not yet mature, and it requires continuous technical accumulation;
4. The energy storage market and reuse market space have not yet been released on a large scale.
In recent years, the relevant national departments issued a number of policy documents and guidelines for the recycling and reuse of lithium batteries.
On February 26, 2018, the Interim Measures for the Management of Recycling and Utilization of Power Battery for New Energy Vehicles was released. It was clarified that automobile manufacturers should establish a power battery recovery channel and be responsible for the recovery of used energy batteries generated after the use of new energy vehicles and after being scrapped, and the power battery. Companies need to provide support in battery design, production, and recycling.
However, the current recovery mechanism still needs to be improved, the battery recycling channels are poor, the public’s awareness of environmental protection is weak, and the phenomenon of random waste is serious.
GGII believes that with the introduction of the corresponding implementation rules and the strict supervision of the competent authorities, the used power battery industry will gradually be standardized, the business model will gradually mature, and the economy will be reflected.
In comparison, the digital battery has a higher cobalt content, a greater economic value of recycling, and a larger market size, and it has entered a relatively mature stage. The annual scrapping volume is relatively large and a relatively stable recycling business model has been formed. However, the total recycling rate is only about 40% of the scrapped amount. There is still a large amount of scrapped batteries that do not enter the recycling processing system.
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